Injekciónak

Injekciónak refers to the administration of substances into the body using a needle and syringe or other device. They are used for therapeutic, diagnostic, and preventive purposes, and may deliver medications, vaccines, hormones, antibiotics, or contrast agents for imaging.

Common routes are intravenous (into a vein), intramuscular (into a muscle), subcutaneous (under the skin), intradermal (into the dermis), and intrathecal (around the spinal cord). Injection techniques vary, affecting onset and duration of action. Some injections use jet injectors or auto-injectors, which can deliver medication without a traditional needle.

Equipment includes sterile, single-use needles and syringes or dose-delivery devices, protective cap, and appropriate sharps disposal. Emphasis is placed on aseptic technique, correct dosage, and site selection. Vaccines require cold-chain storage and sometimes multiple injections.

Safety: Potential risks include pain, redness, swelling at the site, infections, bleeding, and rare allergic or systemic reactions. Incorrect technique can cause nerve or blood vessel injury or accidental intravascular administration. Proper training, dosing accuracy, and post-injection monitoring reduce risks.

In public health, injections play a central role in vaccination programs and chronic disease management (for example, insulin for diabetes). Alternatives to injections exist (oral, transdermal) but injections remain widespread due to rapid absorption and precise dosing.