Indítómotort

Indítómotort, also known as an induction motor, is a type of alternating current (AC) electric motor. It operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. An indítómotort consists of two main parts: a stator and a rotor. The stator is the stationary part and contains windings that, when supplied with AC power, create a rotating magnetic field. The rotor is the rotating part, typically a squirrel cage or wound rotor, and is placed within the stator's magnetic field.

The rotating magnetic field from the stator induces a current in the rotor conductors. This induced current, in turn, creates its own magnetic field, which interacts with the stator's field. The interaction between these magnetic fields produces a torque, causing the rotor to spin. The rotor always spins at a speed slightly less than the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field, a phenomenon known as slip. This slip is essential for generating the induced current and torque.

Indítómotors are widely used in various applications due to their simplicity, robustness, and cost-effectiveness. They are found in industrial machinery, household appliances like washing machines and fans, pumps, and electric vehicles. Their operation is generally reliable, and they require minimal maintenance. The speed of an indítómotort can be controlled by varying the frequency of the AC power supply using a variable-frequency drive (VFD).