Incotermsohjeet

Incotermsohjeet, or Incoterms Rules, are a set of internationally recognized rules published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) that define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers for the delivery of goods under sales contracts. They are designed to clarify, in a standardized way, the terms of international trade. The rules are updated periodically, with the most recent version being Incoterms 2020.

Each Incoterm rule consists of three letters and specifies a particular point in the delivery process. These rules cover various aspects of a trade transaction, including who is responsible for arranging and paying for transportation, insurance, customs clearance, and other related costs. They also define the point at which the risk of loss or damage to the goods transfers from the seller to the buyer.

There are 11 Incoterms rules, divided into two main groups based on the mode of transport. The first group, applicable to any mode or modes of transport, includes EXW (Ex Works), FCA (Free Carrier), CPT (Carriage Paid To), CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To), DAP (Delivered at Place), DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded), and DDP (Delivered Duty Paid). The second group, specifically for sea and inland waterway transport, includes FAS (Free Alongside Ship), FOB (Free On Board), CFR (Cost and Freight), and CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight).

The purpose of Incotermsohjeet is to reduce uncertainty and misunderstandings in international sales contracts. By clearly outlining the obligations of each party, they help to prevent disputes and ensure smoother transactions. It is crucial for businesses involved in international trade to understand and select the appropriate Incoterms rule for their specific transaction.