Immuunikadot

Immuunikadot, translated to English as immunodeficiency, refers to a state where the body's immune system is weakened and unable to effectively defend against infections and diseases. This compromised state can make individuals more susceptible to a wide range of pathogens, from common bacteria and viruses to opportunistic infections that a healthy immune system would typically manage.

There are two primary categories of immunodeficiency: primary and secondary. Primary immunodeficiencies are genetic disorders, meaning they are inherited from parents and are present from birth. These conditions can affect various parts of the immune system, such as antibody production, white blood cell function, or complement system activity. Examples include X-linked agammaglobulinemia and severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).

Secondary immunodeficiencies, on the other hand, are acquired later in life due to external factors. These can include medical treatments like chemotherapy or immunosuppressant drugs used after organ transplantation, chronic illnesses such as HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, or even certain types of cancer. The common characteristic across all immuunikadot is an increased risk of recurrent or severe infections. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and specific laboratory tests to assess immune cell counts and function. Treatment strategies vary depending on the underlying cause and severity, and may involve medications, antibody replacement therapy, or in some cases, stem cell transplantation.