Immunrendellenességek

Immunrendellenességek, or immune deficiencies, refer to conditions where the immune system is impaired, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections and other diseases. These conditions can be congenital, meaning they are present at birth, or they can develop later in life. Common causes of immune deficiencies include genetic mutations, infections, or autoimmune disorders.

Congenital immune deficiencies can be classified into primary and secondary types. Primary immune deficiencies are those that are present from birth and are not caused by another underlying condition. Examples include Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID), which affects both cellular and humoral immunity, and DiGeorge syndrome, which impairs both T-cell and natural killer cell function.

Secondary immune deficiencies occur when the immune system is weakened by another condition, such as HIV/AIDS, certain cancers, or chronic illnesses like diabetes or kidney disease. These conditions can significantly reduce the body's ability to fight off infections and may require lifelong treatment and monitoring.

Treatment for immune deficiencies varies depending on the specific condition and its severity. In some cases, bone marrow or stem cell transplants may be necessary to restore immune function. Other treatments may include immunosuppressive drugs, antibiotics, or vaccines tailored to the individual's needs. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing immune deficiencies and improving the quality of life for affected individuals.