Ilmanvaihtovuoto

Ilmanvaihtovuoto refers to the unintended leakage of air through the building envelope or ventilation system. This can occur in both supply and exhaust air systems, allowing conditioned air to escape or unconditioned outdoor air to enter the building. The primary causes of ilmanvaihtovuoto include cracks and gaps in building materials such as walls, windows, and doors, as well as faulty or poorly sealed ductwork in mechanical ventilation systems. Defective seals around penetrations like pipes and electrical conduits also contribute to air leakage.

The consequences of ilmanvaihtovuoto can be significant. It leads to increased energy consumption as heating or cooling systems must work harder to compensate for lost conditioned air and infiltration of unconditioned air. This can result in higher utility bills. Furthermore, uncontrolled air leakage can negatively impact indoor air quality by allowing dust, pollutants, and moisture to enter the building. It can also create drafts and uneven temperature distribution, reducing occupant comfort. In some cases, moisture entering through leaks can lead to mold growth and structural damage.

Identifying and mitigating ilmanvaihtovuoto is crucial for maintaining energy efficiency and a healthy indoor environment. Common methods for detection include visual inspection, smoke tests, and blower door tests, which measure the overall airtightness of a building. Remediation strategies involve sealing air leaks with appropriate materials such as caulking, weatherstripping, and spray foam, as well as ensuring the integrity of the ventilation system's ductwork through sealing and insulation.