Ilmanvaihtohäviöt

Ilmanvaihtohäviöt refer to the energy losses associated with the ventilation process in buildings. These losses primarily occur in two forms: heat loss and pressure loss. Heat loss happens when heated indoor air is exhausted outside, and during the intake of cold outdoor air, which then needs to be heated. This continuous exchange of air, especially during colder months, leads to a significant energy demand for maintaining comfortable indoor temperatures. Energy is consumed by heating, cooling, and fan operation, all directly or indirectly related to air exchange.

Pressure loss is another crucial aspect of ilmanvaihtohäviöt. As air travels through ventilation systems, it encounters resistance from ducts, filters, grilles, and other components. This resistance requires fans to work harder to maintain the desired airflow, thus consuming more electrical energy. The design and maintenance of the ventilation system play a vital role in minimizing these pressure losses. Factors such as duct size, material, smoothness, and the cleanliness of filters directly impact the overall pressure drop and energy consumption.

Reducing ilmanvaihtohäviöt is a key objective in energy-efficient building design and operation. Strategies include implementing heat recovery ventilation (HRV) or energy recovery ventilation (ERV) systems, which preheat or precool incoming fresh air using the energy from the outgoing exhaust air. Proper sealing of the building envelope also minimizes uncontrolled air leakage, reducing the need for excessive mechanical ventilation. Optimizing fan selection and system balancing can further decrease energy usage associated with pressure losses. Efficient ventilation not only saves energy and reduces utility costs but also contributes to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly built environment.