Ilköretim

Ilköğretim is the Turkish term for compulsory primary and lower secondary education. It encompasses a total of eight years of schooling, typically starting at age six. This educational stage is divided into two distinct levels: ilkokul (primary school) and ortaokul (lower secondary school).

Ilkokul, or primary school, usually lasts for four years, covering grades one through four. During this period, students are introduced to foundational subjects such as Turkish language, mathematics, science, social studies, and foreign languages. The curriculum aims to develop basic literacy, numeracy, and a general understanding of the world.

Following ilkokul, students progress to ortaokul, or lower secondary school, which also lasts for four years, covering grades five through eight. The curriculum in ortaokul builds upon the knowledge acquired in primary school, delving deeper into core subjects and introducing new ones like religious culture and ethics, visual arts, music, and physical education. At the end of ortaokul, students transition to higher education levels.

Ilköğretim is a mandatory and free part of the public education system in Turkey. The Ministry of National Education oversees the curriculum, teacher training, and administration of all ilköğretim schools. The aim is to provide all children with a common educational foundation, ensuring a baseline of knowledge and skills for future academic or vocational pursuits.