IgAdeficienciában

IgAdeficienciában, or IgA deficiency, is the most common primary immunodeficiency. It is characterized by a significant reduction or absence of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the blood and/or secretions. While many individuals with IgA deficiency are asymptomatic, it can be associated with an increased risk of infections, particularly of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, as well as autoimmune disorders and allergies.

The exact cause of IgA deficiency is not fully understood, but it is believed to have a genetic component, often with a familial predisposition. It can be inherited in an autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant pattern, though sporadic cases also occur. In some instances, IgA deficiency can be acquired later in life due to certain medications, infections, or chronic diseases.

Diagnosis is typically made through blood tests that measure antibody levels. If IgA deficiency is identified, further evaluation may be conducted to assess for associated complications. Treatment focuses on managing infections, which may involve antibiotics, and addressing any underlying autoimmune or allergic conditions. In cases of recurrent or severe infections, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy might be considered, although its effectiveness in IgA deficiency is debated due to the specific antibody class affected. Monitoring for potential complications and providing appropriate supportive care are key aspects of managing individuals with this condition.