ISOérzékenységet

ISOérzékenységet, more commonly known as ISO sensitivity or ISO speed, is a fundamental concept in photography and videography that relates to the sensitivity of the image sensor to light. It is one of the three key elements of the exposure triangle, alongside aperture and shutter speed, and plays a crucial role in determining how bright an image will be.

Higher ISO values indicate greater sensitivity to light, meaning less light is required to achieve a properly exposed image. This is particularly useful in low-light conditions, such as at night or indoors, where it allows for faster shutter speeds to prevent motion blur or smaller apertures to achieve greater depth of field. However, increasing ISO sensitivity comes at a cost. Higher ISO settings amplify the signal from the sensor, which also amplifies random electrical noise. This noise manifests as grain or speckling in the image, reducing its overall quality and detail.

Conversely, lower ISO values indicate less sensitivity to light, requiring more light for proper exposure. This results in cleaner images with less noise and finer detail. Therefore, photographers aim to use the lowest ISO setting possible for the given lighting conditions to maximize image quality. The standard ISO scale typically ranges from 100 or 200 (very low sensitivity) up to 6400, 12800, 51200, or even higher in modern digital cameras. Selecting the appropriate ISO setting involves a trade-off between image brightness and image noise.