IRspektroskopiassa

IRspektroskopia, or Infrared spectroscopy, is an analytical technique used to identify chemical compounds by measuring their absorption of infrared light. When infrared radiation passes through a sample, specific wavelengths are absorbed by the molecules, causing their bonds to vibrate at characteristic frequencies. The pattern of these absorbed wavelengths, known as an infrared spectrum, is unique to each molecule. This spectrum acts like a molecular fingerprint, allowing scientists to determine the presence of functional groups within a compound and even identify unknown substances. The technique is widely applied in various fields including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, material science, and environmental monitoring. It can be used for qualitative analysis, confirming the identity of a substance, and sometimes for quantitative analysis, determining the concentration of a component in a mixture. The instrumentation typically involves an infrared source, a sample holder, a monochromator or interferometer to separate wavelengths, and a detector to measure the transmitted or reflected light. Different sampling methods exist, such as transmission, reflection, and attenuated total reflectance (ATR), depending on the physical state and properties of the sample. IR spectroscopy is a non-destructive technique, meaning the sample can often be recovered and used for further analysis after the measurement.