Hüpogonadismi

Hüpogonadismi, also known as hypogonadism, is a medical condition characterized by the failure of the gonads, testes in males and ovaries in females, to produce sufficient sex hormones. This deficiency can lead to a range of physical and psychological symptoms depending on the age of onset and the degree of hormone deficiency.

In males, hypogonadism can manifest as delayed or incomplete puberty, reduced muscle mass, decreased bone density, fatigue, infertility, and diminished libido. In females, symptoms may include irregular or absent menstrual periods, delayed breast development, infertility, and hot flashes.

The causes of hypogonadism are varied and can be congenital, meaning present at birth, or acquired later in life. Congenital causes include genetic conditions like Klinefelter syndrome in males and Turner syndrome in females. Acquired causes can include injury to the testes or ovaries, infections, autoimmune diseases, certain medications, tumors, or conditions affecting the pituitary gland, which regulates hormone production.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, and blood tests to measure hormone levels. Treatment aims to replace the deficient sex hormones, a process known as hormone replacement therapy. This can alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. However, hormone replacement therapy requires careful monitoring by a healthcare professional to manage potential risks and side effects.