Hüpoglükemia

Hypoglycemia, also known as low blood sugar, is a condition characterized by an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood. Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body's cells, and when its levels drop too low, it can lead to a range of symptoms. The most common cause of hypoglycemia is the treatment of diabetes, particularly the use of insulin or certain oral diabetes medications. Other potential causes include excessive alcohol consumption, certain medical conditions like liver or kidney disease, hormonal deficiencies, and rare tumors.

Symptoms of hypoglycemia can vary in severity and may include shakiness, sweating, dizziness, confusion, irritability, rapid heartbeat, and hunger. In severe cases, it can lead to seizures, loss of consciousness, and even coma if left untreated. The body has mechanisms to raise blood glucose levels, but these can be overwhelmed in certain situations.

Diagnosis of hypoglycemia typically involves measuring blood glucose levels during symptomatic episodes. Treatment focuses on rapidly raising blood glucose. For conscious individuals, consuming fast-acting carbohydrates like fruit juice, regular soda, or glucose tablets is recommended. For unconscious individuals, medical intervention, such as intravenous dextrose or glucagon injection, is necessary. Prevention involves careful management of diabetes, regular meals, and monitoring blood glucose levels.