Hüdrojaam

Hüdrojaam is an Estonian term that translates to "hydroelectric power station" or "hydroelectric dam". It refers to a facility that generates electricity by harnessing the power of flowing water, typically from a river. The fundamental principle involves using the kinetic energy of water to turn turbines, which in turn drive generators to produce electrical energy.

The construction of a hüdrojaam usually involves building a dam across a river to create a reservoir. Water is then directed from the reservoir through penstocks, which are large pipes that lead to the turbines. The force of the water flowing through these pipes spins the turbine blades. These spinning turbines are connected to generators, and as the turbines rotate, they cause the generators to produce electricity. The amount of electricity generated depends on factors such as the volume of water flow and the height of the drop (head) from the reservoir to the turbines.

Hüdrojaamad are a form of renewable energy, as they utilize a naturally replenishing resource. They are a significant source of power in many countries with abundant water resources. While generally considered environmentally friendly compared to fossil fuel power plants, the construction of large dams can have ecological impacts, such as altering river ecosystems and affecting fish migration.