Höyryturbiineja

Höyryturbiineja, or steam turbines, are mechanical devices that convert the energy from steam into rotational motion. They are a critical component in power generation, particularly in thermal power plants. Steam turbines operate on the principle of jet propulsion, where high-pressure steam is directed onto blades, causing them to rotate. The rotational energy is then used to drive a generator, producing electricity.

There are two main types of steam turbines: impulse and reaction. Impulse turbines, such as the Pelton wheel, use the velocity of the steam to drive the blades. Reaction turbines, like the de Laval turbine, utilize both the velocity and pressure of the steam. Reaction turbines are more common in large-scale power generation due to their higher efficiency.

Steam turbines are known for their high efficiency and reliability. They can operate at high speeds and are capable of producing large amounts of power. However, they require a constant supply of high-pressure steam, which is typically generated by boilers. The efficiency of steam turbines can be further enhanced through techniques such as reheating and regenerative feeding.

In recent years, there has been a shift towards more efficient and environmentally friendly power generation methods. As a result, the use of steam turbines has declined in some regions. However, they remain a vital technology in many industrial applications, including oil and gas extraction, and continue to be a significant player in the global power generation market.