Hääletorust

Hääletorust, scientifically known as the Eustachian tube or auditory tube, is a narrow channel that links the middle ear to the nasopharynx, the upper part of the throat behind the nose. Its primary function is to equalize pressure on both sides of the eardrum, allowing sound waves to travel efficiently to the inner ear.

The hääletorust is normally closed but opens during actions such as swallowing, yawning, or chewing. This opening allows air to enter or leave the middle ear, balancing the pressure with the external environment. Without this pressure regulation, the eardrum could bulge inward or outward, leading to discomfort, hearing difficulties, and a feeling of fullness in the ear.

The hääletorust also plays a role in draining fluid from the middle ear. Normally, the middle ear produces a small amount of fluid. This fluid is usually drained away by the hääletorust. If the tube becomes blocked, fluid can accumulate in the middle ear, which can lead to infections such as otitis media.

Problems with the hääletorust can arise from various causes, including colds, allergies, sinus infections, and rapid changes in altitude (like during airplane descent). When the hääletorust is blocked, it can cause symptoms like earache, muffled hearing, popping or crackling sounds in the ear, and a feeling of pressure. In children, the hääletorust is more horizontal and narrower, making them more susceptible to blockages and middle ear infections.