Hyperkardioidi

Hyperkardioidi, or hypercardioid, is a microphone polar pattern that is more directional than the standard cardioid. It sits in the family of cardioid-based patterns, which aim to pick up sound primarily from the front while suppressing noise from the sides and rear. Compared with cardioid, hyperkardioidi emphasizes the front lobe and includes a secondary rear lobe, which causes some pickup from behind. This rear sensitivity is more pronounced than in a cardioid but varies by model. The practical effect is strong rejection of sounds from the sides, and some pickup from behind.

Use of hyperkardioidi patterns is common where greater off-axis rejection is required without abandoning all front-focused directionality. They are frequently found in live sound, broadcast, and studio environments where sources are nearby but the surroundings are variable, such as vocal mics on stage, drum overheads, or instrument mics that must minimize spill. Placement is important: aim the microphone toward the desired source and avoid angles that place unwanted sound in the rear lobe. A windscreen or pop filter can help reduce plosive and wind noise, especially for condenser versions.

Construction and variation: Hyperkardioidi patterns are implemented in both dynamic and condenser microphones. While the basic principle remains the same, the exact degree of front rejection, rear pickup, and side nulls is device-specific, so performance can vary between models.

See also: cardioid pattern, supercardioid pattern, microphone polar patterns.