Humiliaries

Humiliaries were a medieval Christian monastic order, also known as the Humiliati. They originated in Lombardy, Italy, in the 11th century. The order was known for its simple lifestyle, devotion to poverty, and dedication to manual labor, particularly in the textile industry. They followed a rule that emphasized humility and brotherly love, hence their name.

The Humiliaries initially existed as a lay movement, with both men and women living in communities and taking vows. Over time, a more structured monastic life developed, with both clerical and lay brothers and sisters. They were active in preaching and charitable works, and their presence was significant in northern Italy. Their economic success, particularly in wool production, also led to some criticism and envy.

The order faced challenges and periods of decline. In the 16th century, internal reforms and external pressures, including papal scrutiny, led to a significant restructuring of the Humiliaries. Eventually, Pope Pius V suppressed the order in 1571, citing various reasons, including a perceived decline in their spiritual fervor and some internal disputes. Despite their eventual dissolution, the Humiliaries left a legacy of piety and industriousness in medieval Italian society.