Hullámterjedési

Hullámterjedési refers to the propagation of waves. This is a fundamental concept in physics, describing how disturbances or oscillations travel through a medium or space. Waves can be mechanical, requiring a medium to travel, such as sound waves or water waves, or electromagnetic, which can propagate through a vacuum, like light waves or radio waves.

The speed at which a wave propagates depends on the properties of the medium. For mechanical waves, this often relates to the medium's elasticity and density. For electromagnetic waves, the speed is determined by the permittivity and permeability of the medium, with the speed of light in a vacuum being a universal constant.

Key aspects of hullámterjedési include reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference. Reflection occurs when a wave bounces off a surface. Refraction is the bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another with a different propagation speed. Diffraction describes the spreading of waves as they pass through an opening or around an obstacle. Interference happens when two or more waves overlap, resulting in a new wave pattern. Understanding these phenomena is crucial in various fields, including acoustics, optics, and telecommunications.