Hitelkitettsége

Hitelkitettsége refers to a borrower's credit exposure, which is the total amount of money a lender is potentially liable to lose if a borrower defaults on their obligations. This exposure is not limited to the outstanding loan balance but can also include other financial commitments such as guarantees, letters of credit, and derivative contracts. Understanding the full extent of credit exposure is crucial for financial institutions to effectively manage their risk.

Financial institutions assess credit exposure in several ways. One common method is by calculating the current exposure, which is the value of the asset at the present time. Another important aspect is the potential future exposure, which estimates how much the exposure might increase over the life of the contract, especially for derivatives. Regulatory frameworks, such as those set by Basel Accords, often require banks to hold a certain amount of capital against their credit exposures to absorb potential losses.

The management of hitelkitettsége involves diversification of loan portfolios, setting credit limits for individual borrowers and industries, and rigorous credit risk assessment processes. Collateral and guarantees are also used to mitigate exposure. In essence, a thorough understanding and active management of credit exposure is fundamental to maintaining the financial stability of lending institutions and the broader financial system.