HisPurkinjejärjestelmää

HisPurkinjejärjestelmää refers to the specialized cardiac conduction system within the heart that is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles, ensuring coordinated contraction. This system begins with the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's natural pacemaker, located in the right atrium. The electrical impulse generated by the SA node spreads across the atria, causing them to contract.

The impulse then converges at the atrioventricular (AV) node, situated between the atria and ventricles. Here, there is a slight delay, allowing the atria to fully empty their blood into the ventricles before ventricular contraction begins. From the AV node, the impulse travels down the Bundle of His, a tract of specialized cardiac muscle fibers that penetrates the fibrous skeleton separating the atria and ventricles.

The Bundle of His then divides into the left and right bundle branches, which descend along the interventricular septum towards the apex of the heart. These branches further subdivide into Purkinje fibers. The Purkinje fibers form a network that spreads throughout the ventricular walls, rapidly distributing the electrical impulse to the cardiomyocytes. This rapid and widespread conduction ensures that the ventricles contract in a coordinated and efficient manner, pumping blood out to the lungs and the rest of the body. Disruptions in the HisPurkinjejärjestelmää can lead to various arrhythmias, affecting heart rate and rhythm.