HisPurkinjehálózat

HisPurkinjehálózat, also known as the Purkinje fiber system, is a specialized network of cardiac muscle cells responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the heart, initiating coordinated contraction. This system originates from the atrioventricular node (AV node), where the electrical signal from the atria is delayed before being passed to the bundle of His. The bundle of His then divides into the right and left bundle branches, which carry the impulse down the interventricular septum. These branches further subdivide into a vast network of Purkinje fibers that spread throughout the ventricular walls.

The primary function of the HisPurkinje network is to ensure rapid and efficient conduction of the electrical impulse to all parts of the ventricles. This rapid conduction allows for a synchronized and powerful contraction of the ventricles, which is essential for effectively pumping blood to the lungs and the rest of the body. The specialized structure of Purkinje fibers, characterized by their larger diameter and fewer myofibrils compared to typical cardiac muscle cells, facilitates this rapid electrical transmission.

Disruptions or abnormalities within the HisPurkinje system can lead to various cardiac arrhythmias, such as conduction blocks, premature ventricular contractions, and ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. These conditions can compromise the heart's ability to pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms like dizziness, palpitations, or even cardiac arrest. Understanding the anatomy and function of the HisPurkinje network is therefore crucial in the diagnosis and management of heart rhythm disorders.