Hiilineutraliteetti

Hiilineutraliteetti, or carbon neutrality, refers to a state where the net emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere is zero. This is achieved by balancing the amount of carbon dioxide released with the amount removed from the atmosphere. The primary goal of achieving carbon neutrality is to mitigate climate change, which is largely driven by greenhouse gas emissions, predominantly carbon dioxide.

There are two main approaches to reaching carbon neutrality. The first involves reducing greenhouse gas emissions as much as possible through measures such as transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and adopting sustainable transportation. The second approach involves removing the remaining unavoidable emissions from the atmosphere. This can be done through natural processes like afforestation and reforestation, or through technological solutions like carbon capture and storage.

Many countries, regions, and companies have set targets to become carbon neutral by specific dates, often in the mid-21st century. These commitments are part of broader efforts to limit global warming in line with international climate agreements. Achieving carbon neutrality requires significant societal and economic transformations, impacting energy production, industry, agriculture, and individual consumption patterns. The concept is central to global climate policy and ongoing discussions about sustainable development.