Hidrogênio

Hidrogênio is a chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe, making up about 75% of its elemental mass. Hidrogênio is a diatomic molecule, composed of two hydrogen atoms (H2).

Hidrogênio is a highly flammable and explosive gas, primarily used as a fuel in internal combustion engines, power plants, and other industrial applications. It is also used in the production of chemicals, such as ammonia, methanol, and hydrogen peroxide, as well as in the creation of steel and other metals through the process of hydrogen embrittlement.

Hidrogênio has several different isotopes, with hydrogen-1 (protium) being the most common and abundant isotope, followed by hydrogen-2 (deuterium) and hydrogen-3 (tritium). Deuterium is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors, while tritium is used in nuclear fusion reactions.

In recent years, hidrogênio has gained attention as a potential clean energy source, as it can be produced through electrolysis of water, making it a non-polluting alternative to fossil fuels. It is also used in fuel cells, which can power vehicles and provide electricity to buildings and homes.

Hidrogênio has several unique properties, including a melting point of -259.11 °C, a boiling point of -252.88 °C, and a density of 0.0899 g/L. It is also highly soluble in water, with a molar solubility of 4.31×10^{-4} mol/L at 20° C.