Hepatocítica

Hepatocítica refers to anything relating to hepatocytes, which are the primary functional cells of the liver. These cells make up about 80% of the liver's mass and are responsible for a wide range of metabolic, endocrine, and exocrine functions. Hepatocytes are large, polygonal cells with one or two nuclei and abundant cytoplasm filled with organelles. Their characteristic arrangement in liver lobules facilitates efficient processing of blood flowing from the portal vein and hepatic artery.

The functions of hepatocytes are diverse. They are central to carbohydrate metabolism, synthesizing and storing glycogen, and releasing glucose into the bloodstream when needed. They play a critical role in lipid metabolism, synthesizing cholesterol, lipoproteins, and triglycerides, and metabolizing fatty acids. Protein synthesis is another key function, with hepatocytes producing albumin, clotting factors, and many other essential plasma proteins. Furthermore, hepatocytes are involved in detoxification, metabolizing and eliminating drugs, toxins, and metabolic byproducts like bilirubin. They also produce bile, which aids in fat digestion and absorption.

Diseases affecting hepatocytes are often referred to as hepatocitic diseases. Conditions such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer directly impact the health and function of these vital cells. Damage to hepatocytes can lead to impaired liver function, manifesting in various symptoms and requiring medical attention. Understanding the role and characteristics of hepatocytes is fundamental to comprehending liver physiology and pathology.