Hematologian

A hematologist is a medical doctor who specializes in diseases of the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. They diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions, including anemia, bleeding and clotting disorders, and hematologic malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma.

Training typically involves earning a medical degree, completing a residency in internal medicine, and completing a fellowship in hematology. In many countries, hematologists seek board certification or credentialing. Pediatric hematologists treat children and may focus on congenital or inherited blood disorders.

Common conditions managed include iron-deficiency anemia, thalassemias, sickle cell disease, hemophilia, immune thrombocytopenia, myeloproliferative disorders, and other disorders affecting blood cell production or function. Diagnostic tools include complete blood counts, blood smears, bone marrow biopsy, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, and molecular testing; therapies include transfusion, iron chelation, anticoagulation, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and stem cell transplantation.

Practice settings include hospitals, cancer centers, academic medical centers, and outpatient clinics. In addition to clinical care, hematologists often participate in research and clinical trials, contribute to guidelines, and collaborate with transfusion medicine specialists, pathologists, oncologists, and genetic counselors to coordinate multidisciplinary care.

Note: The standard term is hematologist; hematologian is a rare or nonstandard variant that may appear in some sources.