HelmholtzSmoluchowskiGesetz
The Helmholtz–Smoluchowski equation is a fundamental relation in electrokinetics that describes how a liquid near a charged surface moves under an applied electric field. It is used to characterize electroosmotic flow in capillaries and microchannels, as well as the electrophoretic mobility of colloidal particles in electrolyte solutions.
In its commonly cited form for a thin electric double layer, the fluid velocity u due to
Origins and naming reflect contributions by Hermann von Helmholtz (electrostatics) and Marian Smoluchowski (hydrodynamics) to electrokinetic
Applications include predicting and controlling electroosmotic flow in microfluidic devices, interpreting capillary electrophoresis measurements, and characterizing