Hasnyálmirigy

Hasnyálmirigy is the Hungarian term for the pancreas, a gland organ in the upper abdomen. It plays a crucial role in both digestion and hormone production. The pancreas is located behind the stomach and is about 15-20 cm long. It is divided into three parts: the head, body, and tail.

As an exocrine gland, the pancreas produces digestive enzymes. These enzymes, such as amylase, lipase, and proteases, are secreted into the small intestine through a duct system. They break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins from food, allowing the body to absorb nutrients. Without these enzymes, digestion would be severely impaired.

The pancreas also functions as an endocrine gland, producing hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. Specialized cells within the pancreas, called the islets of Langerhans, secrete insulin and glucagon. Insulin lowers blood glucose by helping cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream. Glucagon raises blood glucose by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. The balance between insulin and glucagon is vital for maintaining stable blood sugar.

Disruptions to the pancreas's function can lead to significant health problems. Pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas, can be acute or chronic and is often associated with severe abdominal pain. Conditions like diabetes mellitus arise when the pancreas either doesn't produce enough insulin or the body's cells don't respond properly to it. Pancreatic cancer is another serious disease affecting this organ.