Hapnikukoncentrator

Hapnikukoncentrator, known in English as an oxygen concentrator, is a medical device that provides supplemental oxygen by concentrating it from ambient air. It draws room air into the unit, uses one or more molecular sieve beds to separate nitrogen from oxygen, and delivers a higher-oxygen stream to the user through a nasal cannula or face mask. The process relies on adsorption and desorption cycles driven by a compressor; when one bed concentrates oxygen, the other bed is regenerated, allowing continuous output.

There are stationary home models and portable units. Home devices typically deliver 1 to 5 liters per minute (L/min). Portable units are lighter and may offer 0.5 to 3 L/min and run on batteries. The oxygen concentration at the output is usually around 90–95% at sea level, depending on device, flow, and altitude. Some models use pulse-dose (demand) technology, releasing oxygen only at inhalation to conserve supply.

Common indications include chronic conditions causing hypoxemia, such as certain lung diseases and heart conditions; it is prescribed and used under medical supervision. It is not a curative treatment for a disease but supports adequate oxygenation in daily activities and rest.

Maintenance and safety: requires electricity; devices include intake and return filters that should be kept clean. Sieve beds have a finite service life and component replacement is performed by service personnel. Users should avoid smoke and oil near the device, maintain proper ventilation, and monitor for overheating or unusual noise. Humidification or personal comfort features may be recommended for long-term use to reduce nasal dryness.

Regulatory status: oxygen concentrators are widely used medical devices subject to regulatory approval in many countries. Availability, prescription requirements, and usage guidelines vary by jurisdiction.