Hajlítási

Hajlítási is a linguistic term referring to inflectional processes that modify word forms to express grammatical relations. In general, hajlítás means the alteration of a word’s form to reflect features such as number, case, possessiveness, person, tense, or mood. The adjective hajlítási describes something related to or involving inflection.

In Hungarian linguistics, hajlítási forms are produced mainly by suffixation and vowel harmony. The system includes endings that mark grammatical categories for nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and verbs. Nouns and adjectives typically take endings to indicate number and grammatical case, and adjectives agree with the nouns they modify. Verbs gain endings to express person, number, tense, aspect, mood, and voice. The overall effect is a rich array of inflected forms that enable flexible word order while preserving precise grammatical meaning.

Hajlítási forms are often contrasted with other word-formation processes. Képzés (derivation) creates new words or bases, whereas hajlítás (inflection) modifies existing forms without creating new lexemes. In Hungarian grammar, the term ragozás is frequently used interchangeably with hajlítás, though some authors differentiate the two as emphasizing different aspects of inflection.

Examples illustrate the concept: a noun like ház can take suffixes to yield házban (in the house) or házak (houses); a possessive form like könyvem (my book) shows agreement with person and number; a verb such as ír can appear as írok (I write) or írtam (I wrote). These forms demonstrate how hajlítási shapes contribute to syntax and meaning.

See also: ragozás, morfológia, toldalékolás, grammatikai kategóriák.