HagueVisbyRegeln
The Hague-Visby Rules are an international set of amendments to the Hague Rules that govern the liability of carriers for loss, damage, or delay to goods carried by sea under bills of lading. They were adopted in 1968 in Brussels and later amended by a 1979 protocol, with the aim of modernizing and harmonizing the liability framework. The rules are implemented by many states into national law and apply to contracts of carriage governed by the law of a contracting state, unless the parties expressly exclude or modify them.
Scope and application: The rules apply to contracts of carriage by sea under a bill of lading
Key features: The carrier must exercise due diligence to make the vessel seaworthy, properly manned, equipped,
Impact and status: The Hague-Visby Rules remain a central framework for ocean-borne carriage in many jurisdictions,