HPVTest

HPVTest is a medical assay used to detect infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly high-risk types linked to cervical cancer. Tests may detect viral DNA or, in some formats, E6/E7 mRNA transcripts. Samples are usually collected from the cervix, but self-collected vaginal samples are used in certain programs.

HPV testing is used in cervical cancer screening to identify individuals at higher risk for precancerous changes and cancer. It can be used as primary screening in adults, as part of co-testing with cytology (Pap test), or as a triage test after abnormal Pap results. Screening intervals and age ranges vary by guidelines and country.

A positive HPV test indicates infection with one or more high-risk types but does not by itself diagnose cancer. Most infections clear spontaneously, especially in younger people. Positive results are interpreted with clinical context, including cytology results and patient history, to guide follow-up such as repeat testing or colposcopy.

Limitations include imperfect sensitivity and specificity across assays, potential false positives or negatives, and reduced detection of non-targeted HPV types. Test performance depends on laboratory quality and the specific assay used. Vaccination reduces infection with vaccine-covered HPV types, which can affect test positivity rates over time. HPV testing remains a central component of cervical cancer prevention in many health systems.