HLADRB10401

HLADRB10401 is a designation used in immunogenetics to refer to a specific allele of the HLA-DRB1 gene. In standard nomenclature this allele is commonly written as HLA-DRB1*04:01 and is part of the HLA-DRB1 locus, which encodes the beta chain of the MHC class II molecule HLA-DR. The HLA-DRB1 gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6p21.31 and is highly polymorphic, with many different alleles contributing to the diversity of peptide presentation to CD4+ T cells.

The protein product of HLA-DRB1 forms part of the antigen-presenting groove that binds peptide fragments derived from extracellular proteins and presents them to helper T cells. Polymorphisms in HLA-DRB1, including the DRB1*04:01 allele, influence peptide-binding specificity and can affect immune responses, susceptibility to autoimmune conditions, and transplant compatibility. The DRB1*04:01 allele is part of the broader DR4 serotype group and has been studied for associations with autoimmune diseases, most notably rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of certain motifs in DRB1 alleles, sometimes described as the shared epitope, is linked to altered disease risk and severity in some populations.

Allele frequencies for HLA-DRB1*04:01 vary across ethnic groups and geographic regions. In clinical practice, high-resolution typing distinguishes alleles at the 4-digit level (e.g., DRB1*04:01) for applications in transplantation, disease association studies, and pharmacogenomic research. HLADRB10401 as a label may appear in older datasets or nonstandard references; in current terminology it is typically equated with HLA-DRB1*04:01.