Graftpolymerointi

Graftpolymerointi, known in English as graft polymerization, is a type of copolymerization where side chains of one type of polymer are attached to the main chain of another polymer. This results in a branched polymer structure with distinct properties derived from both the backbone polymer and the grafted polymer chains. The process typically involves initiating polymerization on a pre-existing polymer backbone. This initiation can occur through various methods, including radiation, chemical initiators, or mechanical processes, which create active sites on the main chain where the new monomer can attach and polymerize.

The resulting graft copolymer combines the characteristics of both polymers. For instance, a graft copolymer might possess the strength and flexibility of the backbone polymer while exhibiting improved solubility, adhesion, or impact resistance due to the grafted side chains. This makes graft polymerization a valuable technique for modifying the properties of existing polymers to create materials with tailored performance for specific applications. Examples include enhancing the compatibility of different polymer blends, developing new membranes, or creating materials for biomedical applications. The control over the length and density of the grafted chains allows for fine-tuning of the final material's properties.