GraalVM

GraalVM is a high-performance, embeddable virtual machine from Oracle Labs designed to run applications written in multiple languages within a single process. It provides a universal runtime that includes the Graal just-in-time compiler and the Truffle language implementation framework, enabling polyglot interoperability across languages running on the JVM and other execution engines.

Supported languages include standard JVM languages such as Java, Scala, Kotlin, and Groovy; and dynamic languages implemented on Truffle such as JavaScript (Graal.js), Python (GraalPython), Ruby (TruffleRuby), and R (fastR). It can also execute languages that compile to LLVM bitcode through an LLVM runtime, expanding the set of usable languages.

GraalVM can run as a language-agnostic runtime on top of the HotSpot JVM or as a standalone polyglot runtime. It also provides Native Image, an ahead-of-time compiler that produces a native executable from Java applications, delivering fast startup and reduced memory footprint at the cost of longer build times and a subset of dynamic features.

Oracle offers GraalVM Community Edition as open source and GraalVM Enterprise Edition with commercial features and support. Common use cases include polyglot microservices and serverless deployments, data processing workflows that mix languages, and tooling that benefits from cross-language interoperability. The platform supports Linux, macOS, and Windows.