Gonadotropinbased

Gonadotropin-based therapies refer to medical approaches that use gonadotropins—primarily follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)—or their related hormones to influence gonadal function. These agents can be derived from natural sources or produced by recombinant DNA technology. They are used in endocrinology and reproductive medicine to treat infertility and certain hypogonadal conditions.

In women, gonadotropins stimulate the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, regulate ovulation, and support controlled ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures such as in vitro fertilization. In men, gonadotropins stimulate the testes to produce testosterone and, with FSH, support spermatogenesis, offering treatment for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. A common clinical sequence includes ovarian stimulation with FSH/LH activity followed by a trigger dose of hCG to induce ovulation.

Products include recombinant FSH and LH preparations, human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) containing FSH and LH activity, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) that mimics LH. Some regimens combine FSH with LH activity to optimize follicular response. Dosing is individualized based on diagnostics and response monitoring.

Administration is by injection, with close monitoring via ultrasound and hormone levels to minimize risks. Potential adverse effects include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, multiple gestations, injection-site reactions, and edema. Use is guided by clinical indications, contraindications, and patient-specific risk factors.