Glükoosi

Glükoosi is the Finnish word for glucose, a simple sugar that serves as a primary source of energy for living organisms. It is a monosaccharide, meaning it cannot be broken down into simpler sugars. The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6. It is found in many foods, particularly fruits and vegetables, and is a key component of carbohydrates like starch and cellulose.

In the human body, glucose is absorbed from the digestive system into the bloodstream. It is then transported to cells throughout the body, where it is used in cellular respiration to produce ATP, the energy currency of cells. Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. When blood glucose levels are too high, insulin promotes its storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles. Conversely, when blood glucose levels are low, glucagon, another hormone, signals the liver to release stored glycogen as glucose back into the bloodstream.

Disruptions in glucose metabolism can lead to various health conditions. Diabetes mellitus, for example, is characterized by hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, resulting from either insufficient insulin production or the body's inability to effectively use insulin. Maintaining stable blood glucose levels is essential for overall health and proper bodily function.