Gluteenintoleranssin

Gluteenintoleranssi, commonly known as celiac disease, is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When individuals with celiac disease consume gluten, their immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the small intestine, specifically the villi, which are responsible for nutrient absorption. This damage can lead to malabsorption of essential vitamins and minerals.

Symptoms of celiac disease vary widely among individuals and can include digestive issues such as diarrhea, constipation, bloating, abdominal pain, and nausea. Non-digestive symptoms are also common and can manifest as fatigue, anemia, skin rashes (dermatitis herpetiformis), joint pain, headaches, and even neurological problems. Children may experience delayed growth and development.

The diagnosis of celiac disease typically involves blood tests to detect specific antibodies and further confirmed with an intestinal biopsy. Currently, the only effective treatment for celiac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. This means avoiding all foods containing wheat, barley, and rye, as well as carefully checking labels for hidden gluten in processed foods, medications, and personal care products. Adherence to a gluten-free diet allows the small intestine to heal and symptoms to resolve, preventing long-term complications such as osteoporosis and certain cancers.