Giberelliineillä

Giberelliineillä, commonly known as gibberellins (GAs), are a class of plant hormones that play a crucial role in various growth and developmental processes. They are diterpenoid carboxylic acids, with the most well-known and extensively studied being gibberellic acid (GA3). Giberelliineillä are produced in young leaves, roots, and developing seeds, and then transported to different parts of the plant.

These hormones are involved in promoting stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. They can break seed dormancy and stimulate the growth of seedlings. In many cases, gibberellins work in conjunction with other plant hormones, such as auxins and cytokinins, to regulate plant development. For instance, the synergistic effect of gibberellins and auxins is important for leaf development and fruit growth.

The discovery of gibberellins dates back to the early 20th century when Japanese scientists observed that rice seedlings infected with a fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi, exhibited excessive stem elongation. This led to the isolation and identification of the active compounds, which were named gibberellins. Today, gibberellins are widely used in agriculture and horticulture to improve crop yields, enhance fruit size, and induce flowering. Understanding their functions is essential for manipulating plant growth for various agricultural and scientific purposes.