Gerjesztáramot

Gerjesztáramot, often translated as excitation current or field current, refers to the electric current that creates a magnetic field in an electrical machine. This magnetic field is essential for the operation of devices like generators and electric motors. In generators, the excitation current establishes a magnetic flux that interacts with the armature conductors, inducing a voltage. In motors, the excitation current creates a magnetic field that interacts with the armature current, producing torque.

The source of the excitation current can vary. In some systems, it is supplied by a separate DC power source, such as a battery or a dedicated exciter generator. This is known as separate excitation. In other cases, the excitation current can be derived from the machine's own output, through self-excitation methods like shunt, series, or compound windings. The strength of the magnetic field, and thus the performance of the machine, is directly proportional to the magnitude of the excitation current. Controlling the excitation current allows for regulation of the output voltage in generators and speed or torque in motors. Therefore, precise control of the gerjesztáramot is a critical aspect of electrical machine design and operation.