Geofyzikální

Geofyzikální refers to phenomena, methods, or instruments related to geophysics. Geophysics is a branch of Earth science that studies the physical processes and properties of the Earth and its environment using the principles of physics. This includes investigating the Earth's interior, its magnetic field, its gravitational field, and the processes occurring on its surface and in its atmosphere.

Geophysical methods are employed in a wide range of applications. In resource exploration, they are used to locate oil, gas, mineral deposits, and groundwater by analyzing variations in seismic waves, magnetic fields, or electrical resistivity. Environmental geophysics utilizes these techniques to study subsurface contamination, map underground utilities, and assess geological hazards like landslides and sinkholes. Archaeological geophysics helps in uncovering buried structures and artifacts without excavation.

Geophysical instruments are diverse and specialized. Seismometers detect and record seismic waves generated by earthquakes or artificial sources. Magnetometers measure the Earth's magnetic field, revealing information about the planet's core and subsurface structures. Gravimeters measure variations in the Earth's gravitational pull, which can indicate the presence of different rock densities. Electrical resistivity meters and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) are used to image shallow subsurface features.

The study of geofyzikální phenomena is crucial for understanding our planet's dynamic nature, its geological history, and for addressing many societal challenges related to natural resources and environmental protection.