Geelpolümeerelektrolüüdiks

Geelpolümeerelektrolüüdiks, often abbreviated as GPE, is a class of solid or semi-solid electrolytes that incorporate a polymer matrix swollen with an ionic liquid. Unlike traditional liquid electrolytes, GPEs offer a safer alternative due to their reduced flammability and leak-proof nature. The polymer component provides mechanical support and structural integrity, while the ionic liquid phase serves as the charge carrier, enabling ion transport.

The properties of GPEs can be tailored by selecting different polymer hosts and ionic liquids. Common polymers include poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). Various ionic liquids, such as those based on imidazolium or pyrrolidinium cations, are employed to achieve desired ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. The degree of swelling and the morphology of the polymer matrix significantly influence the ionic conductivity and overall performance of the GPE.

GPEs are primarily investigated for their application in electrochemical devices, most notably in lithium-ion batteries. Their solid-state nature can enhance battery safety by preventing dendrite formation and improving thermal stability. Furthermore, GPEs are being explored for use in other electrochemical systems, including supercapacitors, fuel cells, and electrochromic devices, where their unique combination of mechanical properties and ionic conductivity offers potential advantages over conventional electrolytes. Research continues to focus on improving their ionic conductivity at room temperature, electrochemical window, and long-term stability.