Gedächtnissysteme

Gedächtnissysteme refer to the theoretical frameworks used in psychology and neuroscience to understand how memories are acquired, stored, and retrieved. These systems propose different categories or types of memory that operate with distinct mechanisms and durations.

One prominent model distinguishes between sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory is a fleeting buffer that holds raw sensory information for a very brief period, allowing the brain to process it. Short-term memory, also known as working memory, has a limited capacity and duration, holding information that is currently being used or manipulated. Long-term memory is thought to have a virtually unlimited capacity and can store information for extended periods, from hours to a lifetime.

Within long-term memory, further distinctions are often made. Explicit or declarative memory refers to conscious recall of facts and events, further divided into episodic memory (personal experiences) and semantic memory (general knowledge). Implicit or non-declarative memory, on the other hand, involves unconscious learning and retrieval, such as procedural memories (skills and habits) or priming effects.

The study of these Gedächtnissysteme has been crucial in understanding memory disorders, learning processes, and the fundamental workings of the human mind. Research continues to refine these models, exploring the neural substrates and cognitive processes underlying each memory system.