Galvanickou

Galvanickou is the feminine singular instrumental or accusative form of the Czech adjective galvanický, used in phrases describing processes or phenomena related to galvanism. The root term galvanický (galvanic) derives from the Italian scientist Luigi Galvani, whose work in the 18th century popularized electricity produced by chemical reactions.

In science and engineering, galvanic refers to phenomena driven by chemical reactions that generate electrical current or to devices and coatings that operate on these principles. A central concept is the galvanická buňka (galvanic cell), consisting of two different electrodes immersed in an electrolyte. In this system, oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction at the cathode, producing a spontaneous electrical potential and a flow of electrons through an external circuit.

Common applications include galvanické pokovování (electroplating), where a metal coating is deposited onto a substrate; and galvanická ochrana (cathodic protection), which uses a sacrificial or impressed current to prevent corrosion of structures such as pipelines and ships. Galvanic effects are also important in energy storage, with galvanické články (galvanic cells) forming the basis of batteries and many sensor technologies.

Galvanic processes can also cause undesirable corrosion when two dissimilar metals are in contact in an electrolyte, a phenomenon known as galvanická koroze. Mitigation strategies include insulating the metals, applying protective coatings, or introducing sacrificial anodes to preferentially corrode.

See also: galvanic cell, electrochemistry, electroplating, cathodic protection, galvanic corrosion.