Gázembolizációra

Gázembolizációra, commonly referred to as gas embolism, is a medical condition that occurs when gas bubbles enter the bloodstream or other bodily fluids and obstruct the flow of circulation. This can happen in various scenarios, including surgical procedures, diving accidents (decompression sickness), and during the administration of intravenous fluids. The presence of gas bubbles can lead to a range of symptoms depending on the size and location of the embolism.

In diving, rapid ascent from depth can cause dissolved gases, primarily nitrogen, to form bubbles in tissues and blood. This is known as decompression sickness or "the bends." In a medical context, gas can enter the venous system during certain surgeries or if air is accidentally introduced into an IV line. Arterial gas embolism is generally more serious as it can lead to stroke-like symptoms or damage to vital organs by blocking blood flow.

Symptoms of gas embolism vary widely. They can include chest pain, shortness of breath, neurological deficits such as paralysis or confusion, joint pain, and skin discoloration. The severity of symptoms depends on the amount of gas, its location, and the speed of its introduction. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of patient history, physical examination, and imaging techniques like CT scans or MRI. Treatment aims to remove the gas, support circulation, and manage symptoms. This often involves administering 100% oxygen, hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a recompression chamber, and medications to address complications.