Fényszóródás

Fényszóródás, also known as light scattering, is a physical phenomenon that occurs when light interacts with matter. This interaction can cause the light to deviate from its straight path. There are several types of fényszóródás, depending on the size of the scattering particles relative to the wavelength of light.

Rayleigh scattering is observed when light interacts with particles much smaller than the wavelength of light, such as air molecules. This type of scattering is responsible for the blue color of the sky and the red appearance of sunsets. Blue light, having a shorter wavelength, is scattered more effectively than red light.

Mie scattering occurs when light interacts with particles that are comparable in size to the wavelength of light, such as water droplets in clouds or dust particles in the atmosphere. This type of scattering is less dependent on wavelength than Rayleigh scattering and tends to scatter light more forward. It is responsible for the white appearance of clouds and fog.

Raman scattering is a different type of inelastic scattering where the scattered photons have a different energy (and therefore wavelength) than the incident photons. This energy change is due to the interaction with molecular vibrations. Raman scattering provides information about the vibrational modes of molecules and is used in spectroscopy.

Fényszóródás has numerous applications in science and technology, including atmospheric studies, medical imaging, and materials analysis. Understanding how light scatters is crucial for interpreting observations and designing optical instruments.