Frötillväxt

Frötillväxt, often referred to as germination, is the process by which a plant grows from a seed. This complex biological event is initiated when the seed encounters favorable environmental conditions, most notably adequate moisture, appropriate temperature, and sufficient oxygen. The seed coat, which protects the embryo, is often softened or broken down by the imbibition of water. This water activates enzymes within the seed that mobilize stored food reserves, providing the energy and nutrients necessary for growth.

The first visible sign of germination is typically the emergence of the radicle, the embryonic root. The radicle grows downwards, anchoring the seedling and beginning to absorb water and minerals from the soil. Following the radicle, the hypocotyl or epicotyl emerges, which will develop into the shoot. The shoot grows upwards, seeking light for photosynthesis. This initial growth relies entirely on the stored food within the seed, such as endosperm or cotyledons. Once the seedling develops leaves and begins photosynthesis, it becomes self-sufficient. Environmental factors such as light, soil composition, and the absence of inhibitors can also influence the success and rate of frötillväxt.