Fotovoltaický
Fotovoltaický (photovoltaic) refers to the direct conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. This effect occurs when photons, or particles of light, knock electrons free from atoms in the semiconductor material, generating an electric current. The photovoltaic effect was first observed by Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel in 1839, and it has since been the foundation of modern solar technology.
Photovoltaic systems are typically composed of solar cells, which are made from materials such as silicon,
One of the primary advantages of photovoltaic technology is its ability to generate electricity without producing
However, photovoltaic technology also faces challenges, including the high upfront cost of installation and the variability