Fotoszenzitív

Fotoszenzitív is a term used to describe something that is sensitive to light. In general, it denotes organisms, substances, or devices that respond to illumination, often in a way that can be measured or observed. The word is used across languages such as Hungarian and related contexts to indicate light sensitivity.

In biology and medicine, photosensitivity refers to reactions triggered by light exposure, particularly UV or visible light. In humans, this can describe normal vision mediated by retinal photoreceptors or an abnormal skin reaction when light interacts with certain substances or conditions. Drug-induced photosensitivity is common, where certain medications (for example tetracyclines, some diuretics, and fluoroquinolones) increase the skin’s sensitivity to sunlight, potentially causing phototoxic or photoallergic reactions. Psoralen-based therapies (PUVA) intentionally increase skin sensitivity to ultraviolet light for treatment purposes.

In plants, photoreceptors such as phytochromes, cryptochromes, and phototropins govern growth and development in response to light. Photoresponses include phototropism, circadian rhythms, and pigment production, reflecting the broader usage of the term to denote light sensitivity in biology.

In technology and materials science, photosensitive materials change properties when exposed to light. This includes photographic emulsions, photoresists used in photolithography, and light sensors such as photodiodes and light-dependent resistors. These materials enable imaging, semiconductor fabrication, and optical sensing.

The concept of fotoszenzitív thus spans natural biology, medicine, and engineered systems, all centered on how light interacts with matter.