Fotonisäteilyterapia

Fotonisäteilyterapia is a type of radiation therapy that uses photons, which are high-energy packets of light, to treat cancer. These photons are typically generated by a linear accelerator, a machine that speeds up electrons to create a beam of X-rays. The high-energy photons penetrate the body and damage the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing. Over time, this damage leads to the death of cancer cells.

The treatment is delivered in a series of sessions, usually over several weeks. During each session, the patient lies on a treatment table while the linear accelerator delivers radiation to the targeted area. The precise dosage and duration of treatment are carefully calculated based on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Medical physicists and radiation oncologists work together to plan and deliver the treatment.

Fotonisäteilyterapia can be used to treat a wide range of cancers, including those affecting the breast, lung, prostate, and head and neck. It can be used as a primary treatment, in combination with other therapies like surgery or chemotherapy, or for palliative care to relieve symptoms. While effective, fotonisäteilyterapia can have side effects, which vary depending on the area being treated and the total dose. Common side effects may include fatigue, skin irritation, and temporary changes in blood counts. These side effects are generally manageable and often lessen after treatment concludes.